Use of detailed satire in modest proposal :: essays research papers

The drug abuse of detailed satire through A Modest ProposalThe use of detailed satire is very evident in A Modest Proposal. A writers hand that brings the readers eye to the progeny of sociopolitical policies on the Irish by the English landlords and politicians in the early 1700s, could have only belonged to Jonathon sprightly. Swift skillfully addresses the suffering caused by English policies in Ireland as well as holding the Irish account sufficient for their passivity. Swift begins by using a gradual egression, setting the tone of the current situation in Dublin, only to shock the reader at his proposal of cannibalism, specifically of young children, to help alleviate the economic burdens imposed by the English and accepted by the Irish. In laying the foundation for his proposal, Swift suggests the benefits for allBut my intention is very far from being confined to provide only for thechildren of professed beggars it is of a practically greater extent, and shall take in the whole number of infants at a certain age, who are born of parents in effect as little able to support them as those who demand our charity in the streets. Swift continues on, using excruciating detail, suggesting preparation for dining, the appropriate number of dinner guests the young child ordain feed, and the price of such a feast. All the while this morbid suggestion is detailed rationally. Swift brilliantly targets the English landlords when he addresses the price of the food, and how it is appropriate since as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the children. Swifts use of detail purposely takes the reader away from the proposal to show the examples of how cannibalism has worked elsewhere, only in a satiric effort to show the reader this is not the way to improve the city of Dublin. The build-up of this proposal continues to its conclusion where Swift has taken the reader to the actual expedients, although rejecting them for no h ope of them ever being

Socialism for the Common Man Essay -- Economic System

I wished to frighten the country by a picture of what its industrial masters were doing to their victims entirely by chance I stumbled on another discoverywhat they were doing to the meat-supply of the civilized world. In other words, I aimed at the opens heart, and by accident hit it in the stomach (Yoder 9). With the publication of a single book, Upton Sinclair found himself an overnight phenomenon receiving international response. In late 1904, Sinclair left for sugar to tell the story of the poor common workingmen and women unfairly enslaved by the vast monopolistic enterprises. He found that he could go anywhere in the stockyards provided that he wore old clothes and carried a workmans dinner pail (Sougstad 553). While Sinclair spent seven weeks in Chicago living amongst and interviewing the Chicago workers, he came upon another discoverythe filth of improper sanitation and the processing of spoiled meat. From what he saw, Sinclair spun a tale with graphic descriptions of the packing houses, creating a book that produced unexampled public uproar. The book entitled, The Jungle, is said to have decreased Americas meat consumption for decades and President Roosevelt, himself, reportedly threw his breakfast sausages out his window later on reading the novel. The New York Evening Post responded, Mary had a little lamb and when she saw it sicken she shipped it off to Packingtown and now its labeled white-livered (Krugman). However, Sinclair classified his novel as a failure and blamed himself for the publics misunderstanding. He found it disheartening that the public was less concerned virtually the plight of the slaughterhouse workers than the possibility of eating tainted meat. In Upton Sinclairs The Jungle, he ill... ...the bottom as the worst of scum. Sinclair promotes socialism, as publicly owned corporations result be less about individual profit but the well-being of the common good. Sinclair promotes socialism in The Jungle in many methods a cap italist society provides workers with sickening working condition, a capitalist society consists of corruption, and a socialistic society will mean a perfect world. Sinclairs highly graphic details lead to global acknowledgement. President Roosevelt dubbed Upton Sinclair as a muckrakeran individual who channels time and effort into exposing corruption. Even though Sinclairs novel did not do as much for the poor as he hoped, it did bring about change to America stricter meat-packing regulations, standards of cleanliness in processing plants, and public knowledge of what the Chicago corporations were doing to their canned meat.

Age Discrimination in Employment Essay -- Public Policy

There has always been some ism that social movements have fought against throughout Americas history, and the issue of termism was lastly addressed in The come along Discrimination in Employment chip. Ageism can be defined as prejudiced beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors pertaining to older adults. To understand the ADEA fully, a brief history of age discrimination is useful to comprehend the Structural Level of this bill. Discrimination based on age was not a double issue until the beginning of the 20th century, mainly because it was a tacit form of discrimination. For the most part, people worked until they were at an age where they did not feel useful, and for the rest of their lives their families would repel care of them. Industrialization brought in a new era which introduced unions, and new guidelines were created as to how long someone should stay in a position. Over time, age discrimination became an integrated feature of the modern industrial economy ageism was even as sociated with the progress of American capitalism. The issue of age based discrimination received some attention in the early part of the 20th Century, but was not recognized as a social problem until around humans War II. The wartime economy considerably increase the demand for labor, and the number of men aged 65 and older in the workforce jumped by 75% (U.S. Census, 1975). The increased need for workers helped merge women into the workplace, and proved that older adults were proficient and agreeable to modern employment. Policy makers became concerned about the presence and pervasiveness of age centered discrimination because of the giant amount of older workers employed at this time in history which made the problem more obvious. The United States emerged... ...tion in Employment Act and the vocational Rehabilitation Act A Proposed Consolidation. Labor Law Journal 31.1 (1980) 13-26. Print. Mitchell, Charles. Retaliation Lawsuits Held Applicable For Federal Employees under T he Age Discrimination In Employment Act A Victory For Older Federal Workers The Supreme Courts Decision In Gomez-Perez V. Potter, Postmaster General. Review of Public Personnel Administration 29.1 (2009) 89-94. Print.Rothenberg, Jessica, and Gardner, Daniel. Protecting Older Workers The Failure Of The Age Discrimination In Employment Act Of 1967. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare 38.1 2011 9-30. Print. Werner, Herbert D., and Martha W. Dewhurst. The Age Discrimination In Employment Act Amendments Of 1978 And Their Effect On corporal Bargaining. Labor Law Journal 30.8 (1979) 477-482. Business Source Premier. Web. 1 Nov. 2011.

Comparing Utilitarianism and the Judeo-Christian Ethic Essay -- John

Utilitarianism is the ethical doctrine which essentially states that which is good is that which brings about the most happiness to the most people. John Stuart Mill believed that the finales we make should always benefit the most people as much as possible regardless of the consequences to the minority or even yourself. He would say all that matters in the decision of right versus wrong is the amount of happiness produced by the consequences. In the decisions we make Mill would say that we need to weigh the outcomes and make our decision based on that outcome that benefits the majority. For Mill, pleasure is the only desirable consequence of our decisions or actions.The Judeo-Christian ethic embraced by Augustine places questions of right and wrong under the authority of a noble creator - matinee idol. The Judeo-Christian ethic can be summed up in one word - Love. In Matthew 2240 Jesus says Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind . This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it Love you neighbor as yourself. When Augustine said, Love God and do what you will, I believe he is asserting the fact that when a person enjoys God truly he or she is in Gods will. John 1415 says, If you love me, you will obey what I command. If a person obeys God which is loving God and loving his creation then a person is in his will. The decisions make by a person in Gods will are thus ethical decision in view of ...

Shakespeares Hamlet - The Character of Ophelia Essays -- GCSE Englis

Hamlet The Character of Ophelia Concerning the Ophelia of Shakespeares tragic drama Hamlet, is she an innocent type or not? Is she a victim or not? This strain will explore these and other questions related to this character. Rebecca West in A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption viciously, and perhaps unfoundedly, attacks the unadulteratedity of Ophelia there is no more bizarre aspect of the misreading of Hamlets character than the assumption that his relations with Ophelia were innocent and that Ophelia was a correct and timid virgin of exquisite sensibilities. . . . She was not a chaste young woman. That is shown by her tolerance of Hamlets obscene conversations, which cannot be explained as consistent with the custom of the time. If that were the rationality for it, all the men and women in Shakespeares plays, Romeo and Juliet, Beatrice and Benedict, Miranda and Ferdinand, Antony and Cleopatra, would have talked obscenely together, which is not the case (107). Wests interpretation of Ophelias character is not a consensus feeling among critics, so her innocence is challenged but not overturned. Beginning now with the play, the reader/viewer sees that the protagonist of the tragedy, Prince Hamlet, initially appears dressed in solemn black. He is mourning the death of his father, supposedly by snakebite, while he was away at Wittenberg as a student. Hamlet laments the hasty remarriage of his mother to his fathers brother, an incestuous act thus in his first soliloquy he cries out, Frailty, thy name is woman Ophelia enters the play with her brother Laertes, who, in parting for school, bids her farewell and gives her advice regarding her descent with Hamlet. Op... ...Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint of Shakespeares Women. N.p. n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html Ward & Trent, e t al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. impudently York G.P. Putnams Sons, 190721 New York Bartleby.com, 2000 http//www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html West, Rebecca. A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT Yale University Press, 1957. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. Shakespeare. Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

Shakespeares Hamlet - The Character of Ophelia Essays -- GCSE Englis

Hamlet The Character of Ophelia Concerning the Ophelia of Shakespeares tragic drama Hamlet, is she an blameless type or non? Is she a victim or not? This essay will explore these and other questions related to this character. Rebecca West in A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption viciously, and perhaps unfoundedly, attacks the virginity of Ophelia There is no more bizarre aspect of the misreading of Hamlets character than the assumption that his relations with Ophelia were innocent and that Ophelia was a correct and timid virgin of exquisite sensibilities. . . . She was not a chaste young woman. That is shown by her perimeter of Hamlets obscene conversations, which cannot be explained as consistent with the custom of the time. If that were the reason for it, all the men and women in Shakespeares plays, Romeo and Juliet, Beatrice and Benedict, Miranda and Ferdinand, Antony and Cleopatra, would have talked obscenely together, which is not the case (107). West s interpretation of Ophelias character is not a consensus feeling among critics, so her innocence is challenged but not overturned. Beginning straight with the play, the reader/viewer sees that the protagonist of the tragedy, Prince Hamlet, initially appears dressed in solemn black. He is mourning the death of his father, supposedly by snakebite, while he was aside at Wittenberg as a student. Hamlet laments the hasty remarriage of his mother to his fathers brother, an incestuous act thus in his first soliloquy he cries out, Frailty, thy name is woman Ophelia enters the play with her brother Laertes, who, in parting for school, bids her farewell and gives her advice regarding her relationship with Hamlet. Op... ...Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint of Shakespeares Women. N.p. n.p., 1981. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http//www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html hospital ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York G.P. Putnams Sons, 190721 New York Bartleby.com, 2000 http//www.bartleby.com/215/0816.html West, Rebecca. A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption. Readings on Hamlet. Ed. fall apart Nardo. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. of The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT Yale University Press, 1957. Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. Shakespeare. Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.

The Transition of Women

The Changing World of Women As a daughter living in a strict environment and living in a traditional fashions, things pop a little rough. My give is center of the household, so basically everything he says goes. In the western world its usually the separate way around, its usually both the parents that commence a say in things. In my society(Muslim society) my mother has a say in nothing unless my father asks. My mother is an excellent mother but she mustnt say anything or it would be considered not being a good wife.As I get older I am always dreading the day I am asked to be married. I know times have changed but I have a major dilemma. Am I going to marry or continue my commandment? The problem is I like working with medicine and I postulate to further my education by going to college. But that requires a minimum of six years university attendance and if I want more degrees that another(prenominal) five years. Most of my medical friends that are females married and had chil dren while they were studying in college.I gaint want that to be me. I want to actually finish something I start. My father isnt exactly helping me with the situation. He hates the fact that I want to work. In his case, women are not suppositional to work unnecessarily if their husbands can provide for them(or their fathers can provide for them if their not married), but in a place like Saudi Arabia where men and women dont mix at work, working just enhances the mind and makes one wiser to the ways of the world.In my mothers opinion, women become better companions to their husbands who should be more understanding and supportive. I feel that instead of being selfish, we can work out ways that help us be good mothers, wives and also continue with our needs of life. If education is one such need, then there are ways to acquire it without causing disturbance. I think my father needs to catch up with the succour of the Muslim world instead of staying in the traditional ways.He said w hen I finish or if I finish my medical school he would refuse permission to let me work in a hospital. I guess some things will never change. The only person this dilemma is poignant is me. No one else has to go through my challenge of being a women over coming these obstacles but me. Hopefully their will be other women that prosecute in my foot steps and make a difference for all women or at least try. Women have come a long way but they are coming up in the world and no one can stop us.

Data Collection Activities in Algebra 1

Algebra has long been taught in the same way. This usually means teachers rely heavily on the textbook. Though some textbooks have changed in recent years, the key focus is till on paper and pencil, memorization of rules, and use of algorithms. The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 1989) asks mathematics teachers to seek activities that model solid-world phenomena with a garland of function and represent and analyze relationships using tables, verbal rules, equations, and graphs.The standards withal urge teachers to give students the opportunity to be actively involved in math done data analysis and statistics that argon integrated into the curriculum. My hope is to show that these types of activities can be incorporated into an algebra I course as a way of pedagogy slope, y-intercept, and linear equations. I propose to teach a unit on linear equations during the third nine weeks of an eighth grade algebra I course coterminous semester.The proje ct pull up stakes begin with one programme cultivation the material typically covered in most algebra textbooks. I do not plan to pretest the students because this is new material for them. This class exit also go to the computer lab and complete a lesson on the computer covering linear equations. In addition, they will work in pairs using T1-82 graphing calculator to explore slope and y-intercept. All of these methods are what I have typically taught over the past 5 years.Another eighth grade class will be given several data array activities as a unit of study for linear equations. The primary winding resource for this class will be Algebra Experiments I by Mary Jean Winter and Ronald J. Carlson. My focus will begin with a whole class participation data collection exertion. The class will perform the wave in small sections at a time until the entire class has realized it. As a group will record the number of seconds it takes (for example) 3, 5, 8, 13, 15, 20, etc. to comple te the wave.Students will then use a prepared activity shred that requires them to draw a diagram of the experiment, describe the procedure, identify the independent and dependent variables, create a table of data, graph data, choose two representative points to bond and create a line of best fit, find the slope and y-intercept of this line and describe it algebraically and verbally, then interpret the data through real questions designed to create understanding of the purpose of the data and using the data to make predictions. This same format will be used for all posterior activities uring the unit of study. The authors of the book say Algebra Experiments I reflects the canonical philosophy of the NCTM standards for learning, teaching, and assessment. Students have an opportunity to work collaboratively, to interact, and to develop communication skill. The whole idea is to bring the real world into your algebra classroom. I plan to require the class that does the experiment s to keep a daily journal. It will include hot they felt about the daily activities, a description of any specific new topic or topics they learned and a list of questions they still have.Each day the class will address any concerns from the previous days activity. After several activities have been done by hand, I will instruct the class on how to analyze the data on the T1-82 graphing calculator. They will then be given the opportunity to use the calculator on another experiment. This class will also do the same graphing calculator activity on slope and y-intercept that the other class will do. I will give each class the same test and compare scores. I will also give each class a survey to compare attitudes, interest and understanding of the use of the material in a real-world application.My hope is that the students in the experiment class will have grasped the basic concepts of linear equations as well if not better than the other class and be able to touch on this knowledge i n a very real way. My search for conditions about my proposed topic was lengthy and I have chosen to comment on a few. My goal next semester is to read and use each of these articles in my actual action paper. I have only read one article in its entirety. What I gathered from the abstracts was the importance of using real-world applications and incorporating the use of the graphing calculator.Since my goal is to show that data collection activities can provide a way to teach the basic concepts of linear equations in a real-world setting, I tried to find articles that would bear this out. Mercer (1995) presents lessons that teach slope-intercept concepts of linear equations through the use of the graphing calculator. Held (1995) uses Computer-Intensive Algebra (CIA) to focus on the use of applied science and real-world settings to develop a richer understanding of algebraic concepts. Dugdale (1995) has written about technology and algebra curriculum reform. She focuses on current i ssues, potential directions, and interrogation question.Assessment issues are addressed. Algebra is a way of reasoning involving variables/functional relationships, generalizations/modes of representation and mathematical investigation/argument. Harvey (1995) was the keynote speaker at the Algebra Working Group of the Seventh International Conference on Mathematical Education in Quebec City, Canada. He spoke of how important technology was in new algebra curriculum reform based on the NCTM standards. Bell (1995) was also a speaker at the Quebec conference. He suggest curriculum modifications and reviews research on students performance.Menghini (1994) claims that, to be meaningful, algebra must be linked to real-work problems. Wallace (1993) offers a data collection activity similar to one I have used in the past. I would like to include this one in my lesson plans. It compares the trends of womens and mens world records for the 800-meter drive using the linear and power Regressi on capabilities of a graphing calculator. A very promising article by Magidson (1992) addresses the challenges, risks, and rewards of teaching about linear functions in a technology-rich environment from a constructivist perspective.Describes an algebra class designed for junior high school students that focuses on the representations and real-world applications of linear functions. I hope this will help me next semester as I begin to encounter problems. References Bell, A. , (1995). Purpose in school algebra. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 14 (1), 41-73. Dugdale, S. and others, (1995). Technology and algebra curriculum reform current issues, potential directions, and research questions. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 14 (3), 325-57. Harvey, J. nd others. (1995). The influence of technology on the teaching and learning of algebra. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 14 (1), 75-109. Heid, K. (1995). A technology-intensive approach to algebra. Mathematics Teacher, 88 (8), 650-56. Magidson, S. (1992). From the laboratory to the classroom a technology-intensive curriculum for functions and graphs. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 11 (4), 361-37. Menghini, M. (1994). Form in algebra reflecting, with Peacock, on upper lowly school teaching. For the Learning of Mathematics, 14 (3), 9-14.Mercer, J. (1995). Teaching graphing concepts with graphing calculators. Mathematics Teacher, 88 (4), 268-73. Wallace, E. (1993). Exploring regression with a graphing calculator. Mathematics Teacher, 86, (9), 741-43. Example 2 Use of Algebra Tiles to Enhance the Concept knowledge of Operations on Polynomials and Factoring in Ninth Grade Algebra Students The purpose of this action research project is to find out if the use of Algebra Tiles will levy the concept development of operations on polynomials and factoring in ninth grade algebra students.Mathematics teachers are guided by the Arkansas State mathematics Framework. The pastime three student lea rning expectations are covered by this research project. 2. 1. 5 Describe, visualize, draw and construct geometric figures in one, two, and three dimensions. 2. 3. 7 acquaint problem situations with geometric models and apply properties of figures in meaningful context to solve mathematical and real-world problems. 2. 3. 8 Represent one, two and three-dimensional geometric figures algebraically. Algebra Tiles allow students hands-on experience with polynomials.The tiles give students the opportunity to model, to create a mental image, to draw, and to then symbolically manipulate polynomials. They are based on area and multiplication concepts that students are familiar with. Howden (1985) states It is generally recognized that understanding the meaning of a mathematics concept, as opposed to merely performing the associated computation, is an essential element of true learning and achievement and research shows that modeling and visualization promotes such understanding.Two units on polynomials will be taught in ninth grade algebra. One focusing on operations on polynomials and the other focusing on factoring. Two teachers will teach the same material using the same methods and tests. No pre-test will be given because ninth grade students have had no previous experience with these concepts. Both teachers will teach two of their own classes each of these two polynomial units. One class will receive traditionalistic program line by symbolic manipulation only. The other class will use the Algebra Tiles along with the traditional method.The students scores for each unit using Algebra Tiles will be compared to the scores based on the traditional method only. Differences will be compared and noted. In addition, students receiving instruction with the tiles will keep a journal each day describing how they feel about using the tiles. According to Sharp (1995), students using algebra tiles found it easy to deliberate about algebraic manipulations when they visualize d the tiles and the majority of students stated that the tiles added a mental imagery that made learning easier. Another possible comparison will be to see if there is any difference in scores or perception between boys and girls using the tiles. The goal of this research project is to see if Algebra Tiles or modeling will enhance the understanding of polynomials and make the process of factoring easier. References Howden, Hilde. Algebra Tiles for the Overhead Projector. New Rochelle, NY Cuisenaire Company of America, 1985. Sharp, Janet M. Results of Using Algebra Tiles as Meaningful Representations of Algebra Concepts, ERIC search, 1995.Related article Study Guide Algebra

How Effective an Internet Advertisement Is, as a Persuasive Tool

Science Communication Project How effective an profit ad is, as a persuasive tool in impacting the mind of secretenet drug physical exertionr of Varanasi This project is to get an overall view and exposure to the industry and its working environment. It enhances and boosts the morale of the researcher. Most of the program is meant for the individualality development of the researcher and basic causative is to provide accessibility to practical knowledge and exposure to practical master life.Therefore to make aw atomic number 18 of real life in working situation, every journalism and majority communication student of BHU has to undergo research project as a class work activity under the proper guidance of professors and professional managers, which cave in him or her a better understanding of environment. This project is helpful in accounting for as experience, which would prove very beneficial to create a future endeavor. This is result of my hard work and deep involvement w ith the work allotted to me as for the academic purpose to fulfill the requirement of the Journalism and Mass communication student of BHU.In this project, which is given by the Professor Anurag Dave, I found the information ab kayoed pulses of present scenario of the how effective an Internet advertisement is, as a persuasive tool in impacting the mind of cyberspace user of Varanasi. And finally I hope that this report meet the given expectation and requirement. I nonplus tried to draw some conclusion from my observation and have made suggestion and recommendation, which I think shall help the online advertisement companies in solving the job highlighted by this view and also help in accomplishment of the organizational objective.Acknowledgement I Basant Deo Singh student of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi would like to thank individually and every person who has helped me in the completion of the project. This project has been an outcome of patient guidance of our project guide Dr. Anurag Dave, Assistant Professor and Dr Sisir Basu Dr. Sobhna Narlekar Department of Journalism and Mass Communication who has helped me with each and every small details of the topic so that I could understand and go about compiling whatever understood. They were al sorts there to short out complications and find easy solutions to them.I would take this occasion to give my special thanks to them. Without whom I would not have learned the practical application of the course we ar studying. This report has had cooperation of my friends, class mates and my p bents who gave us the most comfortable and friendly environment, which is necessary for a person to work freely and easily Last save not the least I would like to thank faculty at BHU who have always cheered me and boosted my confidence. Table of Contents Contents Page no. Chapter 1 * Introduction 1 * Statement of problem 3 Aim 4 * Objective 4 Chapter 2 * Methodology 5 * Data gathering 5 * Data analysis 5 Chapt er 3 Findings 6 Chapter 4 Summary 13 Chapter 5 Conclusion and recommendation 14 Chapter 6 Bibliography 15 * Chapter 7 Annexure CHAPTER 1 Introduction The earnings is the most liberating of all mass media developed to date. It is participatory. It is not meant solely to push cognitive content, in matchless direction, to a captive audience, the way movies or handed-down ne 2rk television did.It provides the greatest array of entertainment and information, on any subject, with any degree of formality, on demand. It is the best and the most believe source of commercial product information on cost, selection, availability, and suitability, using community content, professional reviews and peer reviews. One of the best line of businesss for promoting brands, products and businesses is Internet advertising and it has evolved into one of the most explored new mediums available at present.According to the Indian Revenue Service, the Internet has outperformed all other diverse media channels in terms of compound annual emergence rate (CAGR), with figures reaching up to 37. 3 percent. This is much higher than the registered rise upth rate for terrestrial television, at 7. 1 percent CAGR, print media at 3. 7%, CAGR and cinema at only 3. 1% growth rate. The number of online users in the country is steadily growing. As of 2010, there are 81 million Internet users in India out of the 1. 17 billion total populations, for a 6. % penetration rate according to statistics from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). These figures will continue to grow rapidly in the coming years as more operational Internet providers will open up shop and gain more subscribers. In India, the same as everywhere else, the cost for marketing in traditional forms of mass communication like television, radio and print are very cost-prohibitive in terms of the ratio of cost against market reach. Internet marketing is much more cost-efficient as it does not cost usines ses that much to create websites, aver opt-in lists, and other online advertising techniques. Traditional advertising media uses a shotgun hit-and-miss approach, while Internet marketing tools are aimed towards more targeted audiences. Internet marketing methods such as pay-per-click, pay-per-action and pay-per-play advertising can solicit response only from targeted audiences giving advertisers more cost effective advertising displays to market their products. Internet marketing uses more inter active tools that engage consumers in a more in-depth manner than traditional passive media.Potential customers can readily provide their comments and feedback, giving companys real time analysis as to what customers need in order to better align their marketing strategies. On top of that, Internet marketing tools have better and high-speed ways of measuring marketing statistics, giving them insights as to what would be more appealing to their targeted customers. Internet marketing is made more effective due to word-of-mouth or viral marketing, with much Internet marketing content easily shareable through various popular social networking sites in India such as Orkut, Facebook and Bharatstudent.Such online content can also be shared through blogs and video sharing sites, giving the potential of reaching a wider audience even more. In a report published by the Internet and Mobile Association of India, the average Indian user spends approximately 3. 5 hours a week, or 26 transactions a day, on the Internet and would spend 12% less time during the weekends. The study also reported that Indian women spend less time on the Internet than men and less so during the weekends. The report also indicates that activities on social networking sites peak by 12% on Fridays.A recent survey conducted by research companies in the advertising industry led to estimates that will place internet advertising revenues c move back to $428 billion in 2011, a big scratch from last years $22 0 billion revenues. 21 percent of global Internet users now consider online advertising to be more relevant than traditional media such as radio, television, newspapers and magazines. According to a report from eMarketer, spending for online advertising in the United States rose by 13. 9 percent last year.Indian companies are now putting more confidence in internet advertising and many are ready to commit advertising dollars in this marketing channel for this year and in years to come. The rapid growth of the Internet in the nation as well as the growing popularity of social media networks are motivate commercial and business advertisers to expand their marketing initiatives to include Internet advertising and take Indian businesses to a whole new level. According to Eric Clemons, Professor of trading operations and Information Management at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.He said that the Internet shatters all forms of advertising. The problem is not the med ium, the problem is the message, and the fact that it is not trusted, not wanted, and not needed, he writes. Pushing a message at a potential customer when it has not been requested and when the consumer is in the midst of something else on the net, will fail as a major revenue source for most internet sites. As respondent will neglect the advertisement made. Internet advertising will rapidly2 lose its value and its impact, for reasons that traditional way of advertisement cannot be used on net.Reason behind the study was to determine how internet user is benefited by internet advertisement and what they feel about the advertisement they are exposed on internet. Statement of the Problem Internet advertisement is evolved into one of the most explored new mediums available today and cheaper mode of promoting the product, the rapid growth as well as the growing popularity of social media networks, making business houses to use internet advertisement for promoting their product. It beco mes necessary to study how internet users impacted from the advertisement they are exposed to, made by these business houses. AimThe study aims to find what features internet user look for, in the internet advertisement how it can be more users friendly and which section of society (i. e. group of society on the basis of age, education etc. ) is interested on which type of internet advertisement. Objectives The objective of the study was to * Determine group of society (i. e. on the basis of sex, age, education, income) interest in internet advertisement * Trace the internet usage pattern of user * Find how internet user respond to internet advertisement and * Find whether internet user trust on ad and feel secure to trade online.Limitations 1. The study is heterogeneous because internet usage of different people is different. 2. It is quite possible that, respondent may not say honestly. 3. The study conducted on small population might not represent the actual problems ingrained i n the society as a whole. 4. Only consumer prospect has been taken, view of advertiser has not been considered while doing the study. 5. Time and money was also the constraint. CHAPTER 2 Methodology Design The research is on the survey-based design. Reporting of Data The information is in quantitative form. * VARIABLES Divided into four section and each section have different sub-sections. Each section dealt with the variables of respective objectives. sectionalisation A Deals in Demographic analysis of society Section B Deals in internet usage pattern Section C Deals with how users respond to internet ad Section D Deals in trust and security on ad and online transaction pattern respectively * Sampling The internet user is chosen by goal-directed Sampling i. e. , Non-probability sampling method. 60 is the sample size reason behind this is the shortage of time and other resources. * Instrument Questionnaire is used as an instrument. RESPONDENTS For this study, respondent was those who use internet. Person were taken from cyber cafe and randomly from public who use computer or laptop for surfing internet Chapter 3 Findings and Discussion Section A Demographic analysis of society on the basis * Sex * Age * statement * Income The reason behind asking questions related to sex, age, education and income is to support and give meaning to answer. We can now categories our question according to gender male, female age under 20 or 20-30, 30-40, etc education primary, secondary, fine-tune or bunk graduate and income level (p. . )- under 20000, 20000-30000 etc. We found the below given details- Sex * Male 40 * Female 20 Age * to a lower place 20 12 * 20-30 24 * 30-40 20 * 40-50 2 * 51-60 2 * Over 60 0 Income/p. m. * under 20000 30 * 20001-40000 20 * 40001-60000 6 * 60001-80000 4 Education * 8 2 * 8 _10 4 * 11 & 12 6 * Graduate 30 * P. G. 18 Evaluations of Section A From this section we can conclude, male are more internet friendly than female, mostly the person who fall under the age group of 20-30 followed by 31-40 age group use internet.I also notice that those who either pursuing or completed higher education find it easy to use internet. I have analyzed that graduate and post graduate person used to transact online. ******************************************************* Section B This section tells about Internet using pattern of individual Online surfing * everyday 32 * at a time a week 24 * once a month 4 From 32 respondents who use to surf internet daily, among them 25 was male and rest 7 was female. So we can generalize that male are more habitual of et and so more exposed to online ad, Female was more in other two cases 10 and 3 respectively. Per session * 1hr 40 * 1-2 hr 16 * 2

Indian Secularism: a Theological Response Essay

1. INTRODUCTIONFor many years piety has been a dominant force in all human societies, embracing all reflections of human life. The homo was sought to be understood and explained in terms of devotion. It was with the path breaking discovers in the world of physical sciences and as well as the favorable movements want the reformation and the renaissance that broke a style(p) the domi commonwealth of piety in the middle Ages. Thus there was a gradual process by which the church and subject began to be separated in the west. The send-off foundation of laypersonism began to be laid with this separation. Secularism appe argond as an opp whiznt to Christianity but in course of time, it was identified as a appearance of life and an interpretation of life that did not admit any kind of communal prejudice. But by and by, the secular attitudes became necessary for a modern rational society.Secularism has been a critically important knowledge in the modern world. In India, seculari sm attains an added signifi arseholece because of the fact that Indians aim been richly wedded to ghostlike consideration in the past and is hardly devoid of such consideration steady today. It is because of the fact that the India represents a multiplicity of socio-communal groups. Secularism is the spirit which enlightens the constitution of India. But the internalisation of secularism in India and e particularly into the constitution was itself the culmination of a historical process, which is the key to understand our present day secularism. Therefore one must find out(a) the foundations on which the whole structure of Indian secularism has been raised. My seminar paper is attempt to analyse the historical rearward ground of the origin Indian secularism, its burstments, threats that Indian secularism hardinesss and a theological response to Indian secularism.2. SECULARISM DEFINITION AND ITS MEANINGThe term secularism was caused in 1846 by George Jacob Holyoake in order to describe a form of opinion which concerns itself completely with suspenses, the issues of which fucking be tested by the experience of this life . Holyoake was a leader of the English secularist and free thought movements. According to Holyoake government should scarper for the benefit of the on the job(p) classes and poor based upon their needs in the here and now rather than any needs they might have for a future life or for their souls. For him secularism would mean that which seeks the development of the physical, moral, and intellectual nature of man to the highest possible point. The concept of secularism was originally developed as a non-religious philosophy focused upon the needs and concerns of charity in this life, not the possible needs and concerns associated with any possible afterlife. . The word secular means of this world in Latin and is the opposite of religious .As a doctrine, secularism is usually used to describe any philosophy which forms its ethics wi thout reference to religious dogmas and which promotes the development of human art and science. Secularism was also designed as a materialistic philosophy, both in terms of the means by which human life was to be improved and in its understanding of the nature of the universe. The first and perhaps most common understanding of secular today stand in opposition to religious. According to this usage, something is secular when it can be categorized with the worldly, civilized, non-religious firmament of human life. A secondary understanding of secular is contrasted with anything that is deliberateed as holy, sacred, and inviol adequate. According to this usage something is secular when it is not worshipped, when it is not venerated, and when it is open for critique, judgment, and replacement .In governmental terms, secularism is a movement towards the separation of organized godliness and government. This can refer to reducing ties betwixt a government and a state religion, repl acing fair coquets based on scripture with civil laws, and eliminating dissimilitude on the terms of religion. This is said to add to democracy by protecting the even outs of religious minorities . The society which practices secularism is known as secular society or state. The salient features of secular society or state argon the following. Secular society is not homogenous, but is pluralistic. It is tolerant. There is a deep respect for individuals and the small groups of which they are a part and equality for all deal. Each person should be helped by society to realize their particular excellence. It breaks away the barriers of class and caste. India by its constitution is considered as a secular state . It is in this context I am trying to find the historical back ground of Indian secularism.3. HISTORY OF INDIAN SECULARISMSecularism in India has very different meaning and implications. The word secularism has never been used in Indian context in the whiz in which it has been used in Western countries. India is a domain where religion is very central to the life of people. Indias age-old philosophy as expounded in Hindu scriptures called Upanishad is sarvadharma samabhava, which means equal respect for all religions . The reason behind this approach is the fact that India has never been a mono-religious country. Even before the Indo-European invasion India was not a mono-religious country. There surviveed numerous tribal cults in Indian even before Aryan invasion and most of whom egested to be Dravidians. The sexual climax of Christianity and Islam also added more religious traditions to existing Indian traditions. Thus it would be correct to say that India is bewilderingly diverse country in every aspect of religious, cultural and caste. Though the idea of secularism in the West was the separation of religion from the State, in India it acquired a different meaning and shape.It is because Indian secularism was a response to a different and uniq ue historical situation. Religious toleration was a part of Indian historical tradition. It existed before the idea of secularism was introduced to India. It got coupled with Indian secularism and became its base and foundation. Secularism in India was conceived as a system that sustained religious and cultural pluralism. rough researchers believe that the history of Indian secularism begin with the protest movements in the 5th coke B.C. The three main protest movements were by the Charvakas (a secularistic and materialistic philosophical movement), Buddhism, and Jainism. All three of them rejected the authority of the Vedas and any bulkyness of belief in a deity . Here I am going to analysis the historical origin of Indian secularism through different stages of Indian history.3.1 Secularism in the Pre- Colonial spot or in feudal IndiaUnder feudal system there was no competition amongst different religious traditions as authority resided in kings and generally there were no in ter-religious tensions among the people of different religions. They co-existed in peace and harmony though at times inter-religious controversies did arise. There was also tradition of leeway between religions due to state policies of various kings since time immemorial from Gupta Kings to Ashoka and Akbar. Many religious sects and practices kept away from rigid intolerant forms . The contribution of king Ashoka to the development of secularism or we may say the tolerant existence of all religion is admirable.His approach was more humanistic. He was very tolerant towards all religion. Ashoka gave great importance to the ideal of leeway towards different ideologies and religions. According to Romila Thapar, Ashokas definition of social ethics is based on a respect for all religious t severallyers, and on a harmonious relationship between parents and children, teachers and pupils, and employers and employees. Contributions of kings like Ashoka and Akbar gave a solid foundation to Ind ian secularism . Thus Indian had a very different face of secularism, which based on the tolerance and usual respect. But by the coming of British prevail there was drastic change in understanding secularism.3.2 Secularism in British IndiaBy the 18th century, British East India Company slowly began to gain total control over India along with it the ideas of secularism began to have impact on the Indian mind. Until then, religion was considered to be inseparable from political and social life. British codified laws pertaining to practices of each religion separately as part of their divide and rule constitution. In doing so they laid the foundation for a non-uniform civil code which remains tumidly unchanged to date. During the British rule, the main challenge was not between religious and secular but it was between secular and communal. In the western world main struggle was between church and sate and church and civil society but in India neither Hinduism nor Islam had any churc h-like structure, hence there never was any such struggle between secular and religious role structure. The main struggle was between secularism and communalism.The communal forces from Hindus and Muslims mainly fought for share in power though they used their respective religions for their struggle for power . The contribution of Christian missionaries to Indian society and especially to the growth of secularism is admirable. Evangelism that they followed was based on respected freedom of choice and promoted the ideas of religious freedom. They could develop morality based on secular humanism which promotion of the ideas of human self-worth, worth, and freedom. One of the greatest achievements of British rule was modernization of education by promotion of secular knowledge. Missionarys social work was the application of the ideas of human dignity, equality, and worth . This gave rise to the emergence of Indian freedom fighters. Their understanding of secularism was different. T hey intertwined secularism with patriotism.3.3 Secularism in modern IndiaAfter independence and separation a large number of Muslims were left in India and for this reason the leaders like Gandhi and Nehru favored to keep India secular in the sense that Indian state will have no religion however people of India will be free both in individual and corporate sense to follow any religion of their birth or adoption. Thus India remained politically secular but otherwise its people continued to be deeply religious. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India was great champion of secularism and secular politics. Theoretically speaking the Congress Party was also committed to secularism. However the Congress Party consisted of several members and leaders whose secularism was in doubt. Dadabhai Naoroji, justness Mahadev Govind Ranade, and Surendranath Banerjee were the prominent Indian interior(a) congress leaders whose understanding of secularism was moderate. One of the most out standing moderate leaders was Dadabhai Naoroji who was considered as the founder of secular nationalism in India. His idea of secularism was that religion and politics must be separated.He went further than this and asserted that religion must be subordinated to politics. He believed in Swaraj, check to him it can be achieved only through the political union of all Indian people belonging to various creeds and classes. For him secular nationalism was a way to mobilize and unite whole people of India belonging to different creeds and classes to fight against British whose rule created disastrous consequences on Indian economy. Since he belonged to a nonage community of India, promoted and believed in the idea of religious toleration. His idea of secularization implied and represented nationalism, anti-imperialism and anti-communalism. He urged Indians to subordinate their loyalty to their religion at the alter of their devotion to their nation . Nationalist leaders like Bal Gangadha r Tilk, Lala Lajpat Rai were of the position that Indian nationalism was religious nationalism not secular nationalism.They were known as extremists in Indian national congress. The extremist school mixed religion and politics. They used religion in arousing sentiments of nationalism among the Indian masses. They consciously and deliberately used religion as the basis of their nationalism. For them nationalism was the prime consideration and highest value which should be achieved by all means. They believed that as soon as nationalism gets deeply rooted in India, secularism would needfully get promoted because nationalism itself is an agent of secularism. They were not in favor of a theocratic state, but they accepted the conception of India remaining a multi-religious community and steadfastly believed in Hindu-Muslim cooperation. They used religious symbols and terminology to expand and intensity devotion to the mother land. Their strategy was to use religious feeling and sentim ents to create great pick out for mother land among Indians irrespective of religions.For that they revived the memories of the Vedic past of Hindus and used the neo-vedantic movements and the cult of mother worship. The negative side of this religious nationalism was that it caused for communal hysteria among Hindus and Muslims . Gandhi viewed secularism from a religious perspective. He believed that religion and the State are inseparable, that ir-religiosity encouraged by the State leads to demoralization of the people and that, therefore, the States religious policy should be pluralistic with equal respect to all religions. Mahatma Gandhi believed that all deities were manifestations of the One and all religions led to the same goal. It was this kind of a pluralistic approach to religion that made him to oppose religious conversions . Gandhi said that his opposition to conversions, especially of Christian conversions, originated from his own position that all religions were fun damentally equal and that equal respect, (Sarva-dharma-samabhava) not mutual tolerance, was the need of the hour. He also criminate Christian Missions of using social services to net in converts.He argued that the Harijans had no mind, no intelligence, no sense of difference between God and no-God and that they could no more distinguish between the relative merits than could a cow . Thus, the Gandhian pluralistic perspective of secularism disfavors conversions, especially among the Harijans for at least two reasons, firstly since no religion can claim absolute truth and since all religions are fundamentally equal, conversions are out of question and secondly secularism provides freedom of religion to all people alike without considering their intellectual ability and it is unjust. Thus the real spirit of Gandhian understanding of secularism is all inclusiveness, religious pluralism and peaceful co-existence . Jawaharlal Nehru interpreted secularism from an agnostic point of view.Fo r him religion stands for stand for blind belief and reaction, dogma and bigotry, superstition and exploitation, and preservation and exploitation of vested interests . During the Independence Struggle, it was Nehru, Jinnah, and Subhash Chandra Bose who upheld that it was wrong for religion to interfere in politics. According to him all human enterprise should be de pass awayred from religious dominance and should become more apparent . As an agnostic, he believed in rationality, secularism, and a scientific approach as the true means of progress in India. He understood that the destruction of religious superstition by secularism was the only means to a peaceful India. He viewed secularism as a great cementing force of the diverse people of India whose mind is divided on the basis of religion.For him it was the requirement of the time to replace religion with secular values to grow in concert in unity and fraternity. Nehru represented the Western form of secularism very well. While Gandhi disquieted on the equality of all religions and religious pluralism, Nehru was more inclined towards the modernity of the Enlightenment. It was the able leadership of a secular visionary such as Nehru that held India together through out the early unstable years of the country. Nehrus agnosticism and rationalism had no place for religious dictates in political matters. Therefore, he was able to see religion with a scientific eye and keep religious fundamentalism away from interfering in Indian politics .4. SECULARISM IN INDIAN establishmentThe concept of secularism as embodied in the Constitution of India cannot be viewed in the sense in which it is viewed in the West, but in the context of the following viands of the Constitution the Constitution guarantees freedom of conscience, freedom to profess, practice and propagate religion and also freedom to establish religious institutions and manage or administer their affairs. It prohibits discrimination on case of religion a nd guarantees legal and social equality to all by providing equality before law and equal protection of laws, prohibiting discrimination with regard to places of public importance and providing for equal opportunity in matters of public employment. The Constitution also guarantees religious minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice and to preserve their script, language and close. This provision of the Constitution naturally indicates that the Indian secularism is being built upon the freedom, equality and tolerance in the field of religion. The essence of secularism is that the state is neutral in its relationship with religions .Thus, the distinguishing features of a secular democracy as reflected by our constitution are, firstly that the state will not identify itself with or be controlled by any religion. Secondly while the state guarantees to everyone the right to profess whatever religion one chooses to follow, it will not acc ord any special cut acrossment to any of them. Thirdly no discrimination will be shown by the state against any person on account of his religion and faith. Fourthly the right of every citizen, subject to any general condition to enter any office under the state will be equal to that of his fellow citizens . The rudimentary outlines of the secularism are enshrined in the different Articles of the Constitution, they are Preamble says India is democratic, republic, socialist, secular country.Secondly no State Religion There shall be no state religion in India. The state will neither establish a religion of its own nor confer any special patronage upon any particular religion. So the Indian constitution gives important to no religion but all treated equally. The distinguished characters of this secular aspect of our country can be deluge from this. They are the state will not compel any citizen to pay any tax for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious institution (Article 27). No religious instruction shall be provided in any educational institution completely run by state funds. Even though religious instruction is imparted in educational institutions recognized by state or receiving aid from the state, no person at bring such institution shall be compelled to receive that religious instruction without the take of himself or of his guardian. In short, while religious instruction is totally banned in state-owned educational institutions, in other denominational institutions it is not totally prohibited but it must not be imposed upon people of other religions without their consent (Article 28).Thirdly the freedom of Conscience every person is guaranteed the freedom of conscience and the freedom to profess, practice and propagate his own religion, subject only. Fourthly, equality before law Article 14 grants equality law and equal protection by the laws to all. Article 15 enlarges the concept of secularism to the widest possibl e extent prohibiting discrimination on grounds of religions, race, caste, sex or place of birth. Article 16(1) guarantees equality of opportunity to all citizens in matters of public employment and reiterates that there would be no discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, sex, color, place etc. Fifthly and finally the cultural and educational right Under Article 29 and 30 certain cultural and educational rights are guaranteed.Article 29 guarantees the right of any section of the citizens residing in any part of the country having a distinct language, script or culture of its own and to conserve the same Article 30 provides that all minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice . Therefore our constitution can be considered as manifesto of Indian secularism. This is sum and substance of Indian understanding of secularism. The main thrust of Indian secularism is not aversion towards reli gion but religious tolerance and equal respect to all. This is very different from the western understanding of secularism. But communalism, religious fundamentalism or favoritism of politicians towards particular religion create big challenge to Indian secularism. Now I am going to deal with the major threats of Indian secularism.5. THE major(ip) THREATS OF INDIAN SECULARISMIndia has been declared a secular state by its written constitution and it is every Indians duty to stand by and believe in this declaration. And insofar recent political and social events have questioned the secular nature of India. Is India a secular country only on paper or does secularism actually exist in India or is in the form of pseudo- secularism, a term the BJP and its allies seem to repeatedly harp on. One of the salient features of Indian secularism is its religious tolerance or peaceful co-existence of all religion. This is violated due to communalism or fundamentalism. The B.J.P. and its aliens cr iticize the present day secularism as pseudo-secularism, which spoiled the minorities at the expense of the majority and demanded that special rights for minorities be taken away . Communalism among these parties created lot of violence in our country. The attack on the Mosque at Ayodhya led to a rash of violence across the country. The events hint to the demolition of Babri Masjid and their aftermath of communal carnage mark a watershed in the history of free India.The traumatic events clearly exposed the chasm that had been created between the two communities by communal forces. Today, the biggest challenge to the Indian secularism is Hindutuva.The communal forces are actively propagating the myth that Secularism is a new mask of fundamentalism. They denigrate the secular policies, which are a hindrance to Hindu Rights unobstructed march to subjugate the oppressed in general and minorities in particular. They are equating fundamentalism with Islam and the policies of Indian ruler s with secularism, and the appeasement of mullahs as being synonymous with secular policies.Further, Hindutva forces accuse that secularism pampers the Muslims as a vote bank. The Muslims are accused of extra-territorial loyalty because they allegedly cheer for Pakistan whenever India and Pakistan play cricket. Since Muslims are being thought synonymous to fundamentalism therefore the assertion that the Indian state is appeasing fundamentalists in the name of secularism. It is precisely on this charge that the arrest of Indian Nationalism, Mahatma Gandhi, was assassinated by one of the votaries of Hindutva.The Christians, who are much lesser in number, are accused of being more loyal to the Vatican. Christians are being accused of conversion, which is in way a great threat to Indian secularism. Christians are trying to convert poor Hindus with inducements of education and food. It is against the gospel values of freedom and dignity. Conversion should take place within the heart, wh ich means with right knowledge and freedom. But the violence against Christian on the ground of conversion is not right. Who can forget the brutal burning of Graham Staines and his two minor sons by a member of the Bajrang Dal in the name of religion? Or even the rape of some sisters in Gujarat, their fault being the spreading of the word of their God.Another important hazard to Indian secularism is the lack of uniform laws for all religions. In Indian each religion has particular laws apart from the common law. It creates lot of problems regarding marriage, adoption etc. Though it is granted by our constitution which was made by British and it was the part of their divide and rule policy. This has to be changed for bringing unity among the Indians. This will help the minority sometimes to take advantage over majority. Some of these particular laws are dehumanizing and against equality that our constitution grantees to all.6. INDIAN SECULARISM A THEOLOGICAL RESPONSEOur father of nat ion, Gandhi once said that I do not convey India of my dreams to develop one religion, i.e., to be wholly Hindu or wholly Christian or wholly Mussalman, but I want it to be wholly tolerant, with its religions working side by side with one another. This is the dream of every citizen of India. But what we see in our present day is the big threats to our secularism, especially envisaged by our great leaders and also carved in our constitution. For Indians the concept of secularism means the peaceful, respectful co-existence of all the people in spite of differences. The time has come for each one of us as Indian theologians to discuss and find out the ways for solving or facing the major threats to our secularist existence. We need a country where all people are considered equally, treated with equitable opportunities for his or her own personal development. We need a country where all are respected not on the basis of social status but on the basis on dignity or human value that we a ll possess. We all are created in the image and likeness of god.The image or dignity that we all have is the basis of our peaceful or mutual respectful co-existence, which is threatened by the communalism, religious fundamentalism etc. India being a traditional society which contains not one, but many traditions owing their origin, in part to the different religions that exist here, has kept up(p) the secular character. Ours is a society where Sufis and Bhakti saints have brought in a cultural acceptance for each other. But due to the wasted interest of some people who have concern for their careers as politicians or leaders rather than welfare of people mess our secular nature of our country. There were successful to create hateredness in the heart of Indian people. There should not be any feeling of otherness as we all have a shared history. What we have to develop is humanistic secularism where all are respected on the basis of each ones dignity. Our rights and obligations are g rounded in the dignity of people and which helps us live in communion with god and in solidarity with others .The pastoral constitution of second Vatican Council, GS 24 says, God, who has fatherly concern for everyone, has willed that all men should constitute one family and treat on another in a spirit of brotherhood. For having been created in the image of Godall men are called to one and the same goal, namely, God himself for this reason, discern of God and neighbor is the first and greatest commandmentindeed, the lord Jesus, when he prayer to the father, that all may be one as we are one opened up vistas closed to human reason. For he implied a certain likeness between the union of the divine persons, and in the union of gods sons in truth and charity. This likeness reveals that man, who is the only creature on the earth which god willed for it, cannot fully find himself except through sincere gift of himself. Therefore, as we are having not one history but many history of diff erent religious origin, we need to develop feeling of members of same family with equal dignity and right.Today what we need is community based on love, toleration, mutual acceptance. For this we need new metaphors of love which will empower us in our enterprise for creating solidarity with social group, building bridges between communities. Jesus gave us the law of love, to love ones neighbor as oneself. He preached against retaliation, and showed the way of forgiving. We need to create mutual respect for all accepting each other as equals, and members of same family which is prime spirit of Indian secularism.Being Christian we are accused on conversion, which in fact one of the causes for persecutions against us. But the original theology of church does not tell us that we have to spread the gospel by any means. According to Jesus conversion is from the heart. Real conversion takes place in the heart. It pulls us away from the forceful conversion. By forceful conversion I mean is that conversion without full knowledge and freedom. We make people as members of church by offering food, education but real conversion should happen by means of our selfless service. People of other religions of India respect our selfless service to the humanity. There is truth in every religion. All religion gives the way to god. Therefore conversion doses not look nice in our present day society.Indias secularism and its constitution articulate the basic assumption of Indias people, namely, that religions are not contradictorily opposed but complementarily related, not withstanding their serious differences. This assumption is in keeping with the ideal of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam. The wisdom of secularism India is that it promotes true religiosity, as envisaged in Indian constitution, and as enunciated in the preamble to the constitution justice, liberty, equality and fraternity . Therefore what we need is that practice of Indian religiosity which is based on justice, liberty, equal ity and fraternity.BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Goyal, Raju. Secularism and Indian thought. Ritu Publishers, Delhi, 2000. 2. Kalliath, Antony and Irudaya, Raj., ed. Indian Secularism A Theological Response. Indian Theological Association,2010. 3. Khan, Kamaluddin. Secularism in India A Brief Study. Patna University press, 2006. 4. Marbaniang, Domenic. Secularism in India A Historical Outline, 2005. 5. Tejani, Shabnum. Indian secularism A Social and expert History. Permanent Black Press, Ranikhet, 2007. 6. Secularism in India accessed on 9 January 2012 available from www.civilserviceindia.com. 7. Secularism accessed on 10 December 2012 available from w.w.w. Wikipedia.com.

E-Business Paper

E-Business Paper Jim Jones ACC/340 Joyce Williams December 3, 2012 ? Barnes & Noble has functioned well as a brick and mortar store since its inception. The guild has developed over the years by adopting new products and commemorateing up with e-commerce as it has started develop. The company has been competent to keep up with changes in the economy delinquent to the development of the internet and e-commerce. We will examine how e-commerce has affected how the world around has changed. E-commerce has taken affect on how supply and demand functions in markets. Price is a bigger point on an online purchase than it is in brick and mortar stores.It is much easier for guests to search for a product and the cost of them doing their research is greatly decreased. A customer is able to see all or most of the products that are procurable and are easily able to compare them side-by-side. Many retailers do not contribute brand recognition. This is due to the somewhat high turn around in the internet business along with newer existence of e-commerce. Online stores may not be able to exist in markets that have high demand products where the consumers want the product now. For this reason, there are not many online markets for perishable products.This is due to the delay because of transport motifs to occur and the high cost of immediate shipping. There is a lower cost for e-commerce because you have less overhead and you do not need to go through a middle man to get your product. Many internet stores will sell to customers that live nowhere near their physical location. This allows a company to break into a whole new audience that they would not have been able to develop with just one physical store. A handicap for victimisation an online store is the time it takes to get a product after it has been ordered.Most physical items that can be delivered through an online store are also available at a brick and mortar store. Consumers will weigh the opportunity cost o f waiting to determine if it is worth the wait. For this reason, some brick and mortar stores can justify higher(prenominal) prices for high demand products. A risk that some businesses run into is their consumers personal information. There is an extra cost the secure their consumers information. Information like an address or a consumers social security number may be stored in the online system so it is important to protect this information.A large benefit from using a business through e-commerce is that there is a lower distribution cost. This often occurs because certain areas of the supply chain have been removed. The development of the internet has do it much easier to track trends. This means that there are fewer inventories that need to be maintained because we can easily determine when certain products will be bought. Since there is already a delay because of shipping times, it is less of a problem when something is out of stock versus a brick and mortar store. (Lieber, 20 11)Barnes & Noble has been able to keep up with its main competitors Amazon and Google by investing in its Nook e-business and developing an online store for physical books and e-books. Over the second quarter in 2012, Barnes & Nobles digital content revenue grew 38 percent during the second quarter, but that was down from a 46 percent increase in the fiscal first quarter. (Anderson, 2012) disdain the shortcomings of the most recent fiscal quarter, the overall stock for Barnes & Noble has increased by 11 percent throughout the past year.Barnes & Nobles e-business continues to be challenged by the elevate development of Apples iPad Mini, new Amazon Kindles and Googles Nexus tablet. Barnes & Noble has done fairly well to keep up with the e-business competition and has whole lost 3 percent in revenue from brick and mortar stores. (Anderson, 2012) Where Barnes & Noble falls short is their lack of apps for their tablets. Some of the other tablets are selling go bad because they are multi-functional whereas the Nook primarily functions to read books and magazines.Barnes & Noble has done well to keep up with the competition and maintain a viable stronghold in the bookstore industry. ? References Anderson, M. (2012). Barnes & Noble reports net income for 2Q. Retrieved from http//www. miamiherald. com/2012/11/29/3118537/barnes-noble-reports-net- income. htmlstorylink=cpy Lieber, E. , Syverson, C. (2011). Onlive vs. Offline Competition Prepared for the Oxford Handbook of the Digital Economy. Retrieved from http//home. uchicago. edu/syverson/onlinevsoffline. pdf

How to Write a Thesis Statement (with Free Sample Statement) Essay

1. What is weigh? A debate is a contest, or, perhaps, like a game, where ii or more speakers present their arguments intent on persuading sensation another. Men have been debating with one another since the beginning of time when the serpent first debated with Eve the benefits of eating certain fruits in the Garden. We shall limit ourselves here with discussing nominal contest debating between educational institutions, or, in the world of homeschooling, between families that choose to bypass educational institutions and educate their clawren at home.http//www.triviumpursuit.com/speech_debate/what_is_debate.htm 2. You have heard the words, but what is the dispute between an argument and a debate? An argument can be defined as an opinion that is support with evidence. Debates atomic number 18 based upon arguments. A baronial debate ordinarily takes place in a formal setting with a team representing each side of the argument. Specific guidelines are followed, and the debate is usually judged. In order to debate an argument, you need to know both the pros and cons of the issue. In a debate, each team presents a different side of the argument. You must(prenominal) be able to defend your side and support your reasoning with evidence. In other words, saying that you dont like broccoli because it doesnt taste profound would not provide any substance for a debate. However, providing reasons for why its better for a parent to stay at home with a child as opposed to both parents working outside the home is a debate that has been occurring for years.http//www.compuhigh.com/demo/eng12les09.htm 3. A motion, also known as a proposal or resolution in other formats, is a avouchment that usually sets the topic for the given debate. Usually, this is an unambiguously worded statement that is general in terminology in order to be understood by not only the debaters themselves but also by the general audience. In any debate, the motion is always supported by the governme nt and opposed by the opposition, regardless of how the motion is worded. http//en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Debate/Motions_and_resolutions 4. In policy debate, constructive speeches are the first four speeches of a debate round. inferential speeches are each followed by a 3-minutecross-examination period. In high school, constructive speeches are 8 minutes long in college, they are 9 minutes. In general, constructive arguments are the only time that a team can make new arguments.The last four speeches of the debate are silent for refutations of argumentsalready made. In current policy debate, the first affirmative constructive (1AC) is used to present the plan. Whether or not all new off-case arguments must be presented in the first contradict constructive is a point of contention. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_speech 5. In policy debate, the rebuttal speeches are the last four speeches. Unlike the constructive speeches, rebuttal speeches are not followed by across-examinati on period. In high school, rebuttals are usually 5 minutes long (with the exception of certain states and organizations that use 4 minute rebuttals).1 In college debate, they are generally 6 minutes. Rebuttal speeches must address arguments made in the constructive speeches. They generally may not jut new arguments or recover arguments dropped in a teams previous speeches.2 Teams breaking from this precedent are often met by claims of abuse from opponents. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebuttal_(policy_debate) 6. parliamentary procedure, also called rules of order, the generally accepted rules, precedents, and practices commonly employed in the governance of deliberative assemblies. Such rules are intended to maintain decorum, to ascertain the will of the majority, to salvage the rights of the minority, and to facilitate the orderly transaction of the business of an assembly.Origins and development Rules of order originated in the early British Parliaments.In the 1560s Sir Thomas Sm ith wrote an early formal statement of procedures in the House of Commons, which was published in 1583. Lex Parliamentaria (1689 Parliamentary Law) was a pocket manual for (100 of 1,382 words)http//global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/444328/parliamentary-procedure 7.RULES OF OXFORD OREGON DEBATE Cross-Examination/Oregon-Oxford/Forensic Debate conventional debate format used in elementary, governors debate, house debate rules, parliamentary debate rules, high school debate, youtube debate, presidential debate, colleges and all over the country. There are 2 sides in this format the favourable and the Negative. The affirmative proves the validity of the issue or topic called the Proposition while the Negative disproves it. Each team has two speakers and one scribe. A Debate Moderator enforces the rules to ensure the debates smooth conduct. Format of Debate Oxford-Oregon Type Three Speakers from each side First Affirmative Constructive SpeechFirst Negative Interpellation ofth e first affirmative Speaker First Negative Constructive Speech First Affirmative Interpellation of the first negative speaker Second Affirmative Constructive Speech Second Negative Interpellation of the second affirmative Second Negative Constructive Second Affirmative Interpellation of the second negative Third Affirmative Constructive Speech Third Negative Interpellation of the third affirmative Third Negative Constructive Speech B Third Affirmative Interpellation of the third negative Rebuttal of the Team master key of the Negative Side Rebuttal of the Team Captain of the Affirmative Side http//alljectsart.blogspot.com/2011/01/rules-of-oxford-oregon-debate.html

Annotated Bibliography on William Shakespeares “Hamlet” Essay

Other artists represent the dramatic structures, terms, images and characters from William Shakespeares village by portraying the exact perception of the play. They act out a good representation of the spiritual experience in visual terms. The students vision studies and its importance in writings on aesthetics and representation. Adams, Joseph Quincy, Arrival in London. A Life of William Shakespeare. S. I Houghton, 1923 126-128. There were three classes of persons at the playhouse besides musicians. There were sharers, hirelings, and servants. The sharers were the most important actors.According to their merits, they enjoyed each half-sharers or whole-sharers as indicated by Hamlet. Below the sharers in rank were the hirelings who did non profit by large takings of the theatre. The third and final class, the servants, was the prompters, stagehands, property keepers, and caretakers. Chute, Marchette, Hamlet. Stories from Shakespeare. Cleveland World, 1956 157-160 Hamlet is per haps one of the most famous of all of William Shakespeares tragedies. It is known all over the world and has kept a compelling fascination wherever it goes.The hero is so real and his dilemma is very basic to human living that people in every country recognize him. Hamlet is not only the most brilliant of the tragedies but one of the saddest. It is the saddest tragedy because the hero is not destroyed or killed by any evil in his nature but by kind misplaced good. Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, Lectures and Notes on Shakespeare and other English Poets. Online. Internet. Available http//shakespearean. org. uk/haml-col. htm. (6 February 2004) Hamlets character is the prevalence of the abstracting and generalizing habit over the practical.He does not want courage, skill, will, or opportunity but every incident sets him thinking and it is curious, and at the same time strictly natural, that Hamlet, who all the play seems ground itself, should be impelled, at last, by mere accident, to ef fect his object. Lamb, Gregory M. A sweet, gentle, inspired Hamlet. Christian Science Monitor 20 April 2001. (6 February 2004). T. S. Eliot called Hamlet the Mona Lisa of Literature. No bailiwick how hard we look at the play, it never yields all its secrets. We have become fascinated by it.This being Shakespeare, a ripping good story unfolds, of course, from the chip a creepy ghost walks the castles parapet on through murders, suicide, and enough plot twist and complex relationships for any soap-opera fan. This is all surpass with a dramatic sword fight. Hamlet is no Bruce Willis tale of an action hero on a payback mission. Shakespeare Britannica, 1989 During Shakespeares early career dramatists exchange their play to an actor company, who then takes charge of them, prepared working prompt books, and did whatever it takes to make sure other companies did not take their work.This way they could operate the play itself for as long as it drew an audience. Some plays did get publi shed into smaller books called quartos. Hamlet quartos are a good example of plays that were pirated or bad text. Shakespeare, William The World Book Encyclopedia, 1979 Shakespeare wrote his greatest tragedies during the third period (1601-1608) of his artistic development. Of all the tragedy plays, Hamlet has to be the most dramatic and saddest of all the plays. The percentage of Hamlet in particular is considered one of the theaters greatest acting challenges.Shakespeare focused the play on the deep conflict within the careful and idealistic Hamlet as he is torn between the demands of his emotions and the hesitant skepticism of his mind. Thorndike, Ashley Horace. Shakespeares Theater. New York The MacMillian Company, 1916246-251. Records of court performance are abundant and descriptions of performances of traveling actors ahead noble or king may be found in Hamlet. The traditions and standards of acting accumulated by a generation of practice before an increasing audience. Th is made the play more exciting to watch every time it was portrayed.

My Dream Essay

Hello e reallybody, im Doan Phuong Ly and i fork up been studied at Saigontech since 2012. My main major is Business Management. And i will have 2 to a greater extent semesters to finish this program.I do really enjoy the business so that after graduating from this college , i consent that i can afford myself to attend the higher business program like MBA or sooner , i will attend some Advanced Diploma certification which is necessary to my business in the future.As a person who are interested in business, i need to know the necessity needs and basics of business so when i joined this course i feel it seems very useful and necessary to deliver the goods my goals in my work life now and in the future.Eventhough, this course is short-circuit but it includes alot of content about the business such as the business environment, how to creating financing marketing and managing a business.In my life now, i have quite a lot of problems when i want to undetermined my own business, su ch as opening my fashion shop, ive met quite a lots of fretfulness to identify and find out the best way to reach to my purpose.Fortunately, when participating in this course, there are too many things in books and also my instructor support a lots of business knowledge. It helps me to hope to my business work now, and if i can go further, i can understand the economic shoes so that i may manage my business more effectively and i will achieve much success in my future.

Stand Your Ground

Diamond Crenshaw Professor Roost VPA 192 MW 31 October 2013 Stand Your Ground Law Liberty washbasin non be preserved without general knowledge among the people. -John Adams As many of you are aware about the Traywon Martin / George Zimmerman story as well as Marissa Alexander on going story and both final Judgments so I became very curious about the Stand Your Ground legality. In todays society, many young people oddly minorities like me who arent aware about many laws that could actually prevent a harsh Judgment if not any sentencing at all. Stand your round law originally branched off from another known law the Castle Doctrine.The Castle Doctrine acts as a self-defense law especially intentional for those with homes. If an individual experience an intrusion while home they may act in the best feasible way of protecting themselves and cannot be charged with any crime. The jump your ground law was to help those who matte the need to take actions into their own attains during tragic and horrific situations. In some cases, citizens felt final stage was a last resort and they should not be penalized for self-defense. In 2005 (Octoberl, to be exact), Florida was the first state to pass remote a law where you could revoke (go against) the duty to retreat.The duty to retreat is if a person who may be faced with existing danger, they are to retreat (step back) before apply any violence. Stand your ground in any case provide immunity (exception) from creation prosecuted or entire trial all together, in most states. Since 2005, 25 other states have in any case passed this law which are mostly the mid-western and southern and led by Republicans. States with stand your round law condones someone using force before stepping back and no arrest can be made unless there is evidence proving otherwise. Meanwhile every state has their own interpretation of this law, Floridas goes to thoroughgoing measures.In Florida, this law could be applied to you in any envir onment in that state unlike in Wisconsin this law does not extend to public areas. In North Carolina, its illegal to use a deathlike force to a man of the law, landlords and bail bondsman but in South Carolina you can precisely apply this law if the person wasnt engaged in illegal activity. In February 2012, Traywon Martin was killed by George Zimmerman who was a propinquity watchman. Traywon Martin was an unarmed 17 year old boy who was Just walking home from a local anesthetic store when he was stopped by Zimmerman who felt Traynvon was up to no good.Zimmerman was taken into custody aft(prenominal) being treated for head injuries where he was questioned about the incident for five hours. The police chief released Zimmerman stating that he had a right to defend himself with excessive force and by the Stand Your Ground law he was to release Zimmerman immediately. As this case was heard about throughout the country, great deal of media coverage, and protests Florida decided to s ee a full investigation. About six weeks after the whiping, Zimmerman was finally arrested and charged with murder and if found wrong he was looking at life without any parole.Trial began on June 10, 2013 and after manslaughter charges. The Juries believe Zimmerman was acting in self-defense and there no injustice present. Zimmerman suffered from a fractured nose and injuries on the back of the head. Zimmerman defense team verbalize due to Martins taller rame and stamina, he had to act in such a violent way. Traywon Martin was 51 1, 185 pounds who played football game at his local high school meanwhile George Zimmerman who was 28 geezerhood old at the cadence was 58 and 200 pounds.One day after the verdict, the NAACP started a petition asking the Justice department to open a courtly rights case against George Zimmerman. In Just a few hours, over 130,000 people signed the petition. lawyer General Eric Holder said the Department of Justice was currently looking into opening a c ivil rights case and also criticized the stand your ground law. One month after the verdict was read, one of the Jurors talk out and stated she felt in her heart that Zimmerman was guilty and now she regretted her choice.She also stated that the Judge reminded the Jury when deciding on a sentence to use the evidence at hand and not on sympathy for the family. Nonviolent rallies have been held in over 100 cities about racial profiling. Marissa Alexander is also a victim of the stand your ground law. She is currently serving 20 years for shooting warning shots to her estranged husband who was abusive to her during and after her pregnancy ack in 2010. The mother of 3 had no prior record before the shooting. Alexander went back to her previous home that she thought was desolate to retrieve some of her belongings where she end up arguing with her husband.In the mist of the argument, her husband chased her into her to the whoremonger where she locked herself in for protection. Her husb and broke down the door, grabs her and slams her head into the bathroom door. Somehow she was able to break away(p) from him and immediately ran pass his two young sons and out of the home. She realizes that she eft her car keys inside the home so she retrieves her accredited gun. As she re-entered the home, she fired a warning shot into the wall that ricochet into the ceiling.The court revoke her from using the stand your ground law because they believe she fired the gun with intentions of harming her husband as well as she had the opportunity to get away once she got outside the house. The children were also present during the ordeal and couldVe been harmed as well. In the state of Florida theres a law called 10-20 Life which was passed in 1999 whereas anyone who uses he gun in the commission of accepted felonies gets an automatic 10 years in prison, if you fire the gun an automatic 20 years and if you shoot and wound someone you get 25 years to life.Marissa Alexander not only was stripped away her rights of using the stand your ground for acting in self-defense but she was charged with aggravated appall with a deadly weapon and was sentenced to 20 years in prison. In September 2013, the District administration of Appeals for Florida decided to grant Marissa Alexander a new trial since the previous Judge did not properly instruct the Jury on what is onsidered as self-defense.Many politicians including Senator John McCain have stated l can also see that the stand your ground law may be something that needs to be reviewed by the Florida general assembly or any other Legislature where a lot of people are starting to disagree. So what have we learned from Stand Your Ground law? Its okay to kill a young teenager who looks suspect because hes wearing a oversized hoodie and when you actually act in self-defense with nobody being harmed you are still used the same in every state and in the state of Florida this law needs major adjustments.

Explain How Practices That Support Equaity and Inclusion Reduce

Amanda Hopwood Cache Level 2 in Diploma in Childrens Care, Learning and knowledge Pin/Enrolment Number 30169038 ULN 6939676189 Assessor Jennifer Hughes Assurer Helen Tweddle SHC 21 Introduction to equality & inclusion in health, favorable care or children 7 young people settings 1. 1 Explain what is meant by Diversity content is to understand that each child/young person is individual, unique and contrastive i. e. , it could be the differences in race, heritage, customs, beliefs, physical appearance, mental capability.Diversity should be valued and respected as each person are completely different to any other person, even in the examples I have stated above. We need diversity as is gives us different views and opinions. We must value our diversity so we can work together to lively a happy life. Equality authority to give all children/young person equal opportunities to strike their best in the setting. Each child is different so you have to respect that. Some children mogul need support. You can do this by planning ahead to achieve all aspects of learning and cultivation for all children irrespective of disability, heritage etc.Its about getting the balance between each child. Inclusion means to ensure all embodies such as children and their families have the right support regardless of their ability to attain part in a range of activities in the setting. Inclusion is the process of making this happen. to do this in the setting you must take away all barriers and give each person a secure and welcoming attitude whilst in setting. Discrimination means a child/young person is hard-boiled differently because of their membership such as race, colour, gender, religion, ancestry, origin, disabilities.It involves excluding or restricting child/young person in a membership from opportunities that are available to other children/young person. Children may experience discrimination because of their colour, floriculture/religion, impairments, gender , race, size because they are disabled or have special educational needs. Children who are discriminated may discover undervalued and may lose confidence. They may find others will have a low expectations of what they can achieve. Others great power assume they cannot do an activity as they cant cope.

Family Health Assessment Essay

IntroductionFamily is considered the natural and fundamental unit of the society. The family members make up the family as a structure. Family includes members of different age group from newborns to elders. The familys activities and reactions influence the contours of the family as a whole (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle 2014, p.2014). The ultimate goal of the nursing is to expedite the health of the family. Family health appraisal defines the judgement of actual and potential problem of individual (Gordan 1994). The goal of nursing is giving direct and indirect portion out to the person and community in terms of assessment, diagnosis, nursing interventions, implementation and evaluation. Historicall(a)y conceptual models are exploitation to assess the family in nursing practice.Health assessment included with subjective and objective data. Here Gordans 11 functional health assessment patterns are using to assess this family. The Gordons functional assessment patterns are a valuabl e tool for assessing and evaluating the familys traditional health patterns, and permitting the health handle provider to look at the inside of the overall health of the grouchy family. Family BackgroundThe family I selected belongs to an African heathenish group. This essay discuss the health pattern and functions of Nyennohs family. This is a nuclear family with mother of age 32 capture 34 and three children of age groups eleven years overage boy, nine years old misfire and five years old boy. Both of the parents are working, and splitting their days to taking care of the children. Mother is working as a nurse at the hospital for three days and father working as a respiratory therapist at the resemblance hospital forthree days. They all going to neighborhood school. Among their three children nine year old girl is diagnosed with reap hook cell genus Anemia since her birth. They are Christians and true believers in God. Values and Health perception means the level of the in dividuals level of commitment to maintain health (Gordon 1994).Read moreEssays About Assess Individual in Health CareThis particular family is very efficient to manage their day today living effectively regardless of the health issues. They both in health field, they know how to manage the condition and their perception of sickle cell anemia is excellent. Assessment of nutritional status is the intake of fit eating and drinking pattern and adequate amount of healthy fare. Types of food including the growth and development of the family and restrictions and concerns nearly their perception of health. They maintain healthy eating habits through having restrictions. Their main food items include vegetables, rice, fish and fruits. They are very attentive to parallelism their diet to prevent anemia as a family. Parents always encourage kids to eat healthy food and drink plenty of water to keep them healthy especially the girl with sickle cell anemia. fitted rest and remainder is e ssential to maintain good health. Inadequate sleep may lead to physiological problem and psychological problems.A person should sleep average 6-8 hours at night. Nyennohs family has no sleep deprivation. They go to bed at 9 oclock and get up 6 oclock in the morning. They have a good sleeping pattern so they never role any medication to induce sleep. The elimination pattern is varies in individual. This family is not experiencing any bladder or bowel problems. There is no evidence of diarrhea or constipation in the family. Bowel movements and on a regular basis in every day. Parents always take special attention to the children to avoid constipation especially girl with sickle cell anemia to prevent any cuts and bruises. To maintain the concept of health activity and use pattern are the effective indicator of individuals life. This family is very active. They are very particular about activity and exercise. They go for walks everyday as a family 30 minutes in the neighborhood or pa rk. The girl with sickle cell has some restrictions to away from vigorous activities to prevent any evaporation or joint pain or cuts or bruises. She is a very knowledgeable girl about her illness.

Hockey’s Influence on Canada Essay

Some prison terms it is easy to for nettle the plucky contend on frozen ponds and backyard rinks, and get lost in the overwhelming professional sport known as field hockey. However, we strive to remember that hockey became Canadas game because it made our never-ending pass months more bearable . The game gradually became a sport, then an entertainment industry. It seems like the lock step forward was superstar of the biggest news stories of the year. Part of the fearful nature of the game is that its origins are fairly vague. However, we always remember that hockey is our game. It may not be our official sport, like lacrosse is, but hockey is what Canada seems to be most well-known for, and it continues to learn bulky see on our free ordination, with its unique style and attraction. We invented it, we had the best actors, and have so many heathenish hauls between the game and the people. Hockey has had and still has an incredible influence on Canadian culture.Canadi ans are hockey crazy. The people rage the ever-c stringing game, and the land and the winter are every where. angiotensin converting enzyme reason why everyone is so attracted to it is that we really needed a sport we could claim as ours, that we could play yearlong. Canadians are out where they shouldnt be, doing what to others seems to make no sense. Only a few scruffs of trees and buildings distract the eye from its vastness. What we needed to stick to us together had to have a feeling that travels throughout the country with attributes we all have in common, things we care about, things that help us make sense out of what we are. It is a hard feeling to achieve.It seemed that so much about Canada adapt us apart topography, distance, language, climate, rivalries and cultures. Hockey became a winter passion for some(prenominal) players and watchers. It kept coffee row humming. It was a means of winter fitness, and the driving force behind the building of community centres, t he way in which widely separate communities connected with each other. Before there were malls, kids would hang around in hockey arenas. Before Zambonis could be found in every hockey rink in our land, it was the kids who would fight for the right to clear off the rink so a barrel of risque water could be wheeled out for the flooding.The origins of hockey are vague, but it seems that the early game was a combination of lacrosse and rugby on ice. Not very exciting to watch, butrugby and lacrosse players used it for winter recreation. The championship system spurred the games popularity. The Stanley Cup created natural rivalries between teams and cities. All the while, rules changed to make the game faster, rougher, and more exciting. Professional leagues grew all over the country. The great rivalries between Toronto and Montral drew in loyal, rabid fans Dryden. It is tempting to glamourize the years before the NHL expanded, and before the rest of the adult male discovered hockey.T he terrific Canada-Russia serial publication of 1972 showed that international hockey could generate the same excitement and fan loyalty as the domestic game. Canadian hockey fans remember with pride that hockey remains Canadas most significant contribution to the world of sports. Hockey has been a part of life in Canada for over one hundred years. Thousands play it, and millions total it. Hockeys evidences are everywhere. In Canada, hockey is one of winters expectations. It is played in every province and territory. It is hockeys reach into the past that makes hockey such a hopeful instrument through which to view Canadian life. In little more than a century, hockey has move from pickup games on rivers to amazing games televised on Hockey Night in Canada.another(prenominal) impressive concomitant we must acknowledge is that the games greatest players had pure Canadian heritage, which made hockeys popularity soar. Canadians know that were good at what we do, and thats why hocke y has been incredibly important in our society. For instance, Wayne Gretzky. Born in Brantford Ontario, he is well known for his record-breaking all time point record of 1,850 goals. This fact is irrefutable. Gretzky also coached the mens 2002 Olympic team World Almanac & Book of Facts. When he was traded for multiple Los Angeles players in 1988, Canada was set into somewhat of an emotional earthquake. This shows how dedicated we are to accompanimenting our home-grown players.Another hockey great, who was purely Canadian, and proved his value in the game of hockey, is the amazing Rocket Richard. He was known for his excellence, but was also just as well known for his great spirit and love for the game. He, as well as Gretzky, was given the find of being among the best in the Hockey Hall of Fame. In 1955, Richard was, without thought, suspended from the league, Canada, especially Montrealers, went intocomplete uproar, generate numerous death threats upon the president Clarence C ampbell, as well as what has been called the worst riot in Canadian sports hi narration. This example really shows how dedicated Canadians are when backing up their own players, the ones they know are the best. just another great example of hockeys influence on Canadian culture is the fabled Bobby Orr. Orr was born in Parry Sound, Ontario, and was well known for his excellent defensive skills. Although Bobby played most of his line of achievement for Boston, he has not been forgotten as having Canadian birth, and that is something Canadians hold very important in their heart. They love him so much for his homeland, despite the fact he played for our toughest opposition. He is another great player that attracted a lot of attention, specifically in Canada, to the game. That attention still lives on.Another profound reason for hockeys great influence on Canada is that there are so many cultural ties from our society to the game. A great example of this is Tim Hortons. Tim Hortons has one of the most successful marketing operations in Canada. Tim Hortons stores are plentiful in Canadian cities and towns it is said that you can find one within four or five blocks wherever you are in any city. The chain has expanded aggressively across urban Canada and also into small rural towns.There are now over 2,350 outlets in Canada. Skogan Due to its virile and effective branding, Timmys has established itself in the top class of restaurants in Canada and in the heart of Canadian culture. Tim Horton, the founder of the chain, was known for his excellence on the rink as a professional hockey player. Because one of hockeys greatest players founded the most well-known food chain in Canada, it gives it another tie to Canadian culture, which weaves into peoples lives, even when they go to buy a coffee or donut.One also associates the game of hockey and the NHL with Hockey Night in Canada (HNIC). A cultural institution since it was branch broadcast on radio in 1933, HNIC has bee n a TV mainstay since 1952 and is today one of those old programs that still appeals to a wide cross-section of the population, and draws around 2.1 million viewers a week on average Cox, Damien. The satisfying double-header of hockey action is drawing roughly 6.7% of thenations population. That is, until the lockout, which is driving Canadians mad.Another instance of our life without hockey is how angry the hockey fans were when they learned that Ron Maclean, sidekick to Don Cherry, was not to get his contract renewed as the program co-host for the 2003 hockey season. CBC was blanketed with thousands of complaints and petitions when they made the press release, and they lost the support of the executive producer of HNIC, Joel Darling Wilson-Smith. From this it is obvious Canada backs HNIC with love, and HNIC is just one foundation that makes the games collision and grip so strong on Canadian culture.Finally, one of the greatest reasons why hockey has such an influence on Canadian culture is because we have been lucky enough to have experienced culturally defining moments within the sport. Hockey has been enjoyed for approximately a century now, and that left many opportunities for our athletes to shine at our favourite sport. The 1972 Summit Series was probably the most recognized milestone in Canadian hockey, when Canadas best played eight games against Russia, with the final game being won by Paul Henderson of Canada, in the last few seconds, for a 6-5 win, giving them the series Wilson, par. 10.Another great example of how crazy Canadians have been for hockey over the years is the 2002 Olympic Gold. It was an excellent win over the U.S, and re-established our reign of power in the hockey world. Within the excellent story of the 02 gold medal, there is a more heartfelt story of Trent Evans, an ice-maker, who embedded a loonie at centre ice, for a little extra luck Proctor. This dedication is what helps Canada wrack out, and what gives it aa place in our culture today, because of all the amazing moments in the past.Hockey has had and still has an incredible influence on Canadian culture.So many things factor into Canadas fascination with the sport of hockey. We discovered it, and took the time to practice and dedicate ourselves, giving us some of the best players in history. We linked our country as a whole to the sport, fortifying it as a national symbol, and we succeeded, with manymoments that stand out in hockey history, to reminisce, and reflect on for the future. Its a wonder why it isnt our national sport.